எனது ஆய்வறிக்கை.ஆங்கிலத்தில் - End of the earth research report

It has been proved with evidence, that the explanation offered by the geologists presently for the occurrence of earthquakes and tsunamis is wrong.
Particularly, the geologists believe that at present, the continents are drifting as separate tectonic plates along with the ocean floor.
The geologists explain that earthquakes are caused only due to the rubbing of the edges of the tectonic plates that drift apart along with the ocean floor.
The geologists explain that in a similar way, when the tectonic plates are drifting under the sea, one rocky plate beneath another moves scraping against the one above it and this causes the upper rocky plate to rise suddenly pushing up the sea water giving rise to tsunami waves.
But, all these explanations have been proved as baseless by a global seismic chart showing lakhs of places worldwide where earthquakes occurred.
Also, the satellite photographs which capture the variations of the floor level with precision have also revealed the occurrence of earthquakes and tsunamis due to the eruption of underground volcanoes.
Before studying these evidences, it is essential to review the explanations offered by the geologists.
The geologists believed that specifically two hundred and fifty million years ago, prior to breaking up and drifting to their present locations, all the seven continents had at one time formed a single supercontinent which was called Pangaea.
The geologists also believed that this supercontinent was surrounded by a deep sea area.
The geologists believed that later, hot magma from beneath the Pangaea supercontinent gushed to the top, cooled and solidified and this magma went back into the earth due to its increase in weight.
They also believed that this magma, which was found thousands of kilometers under the earth, rotated like wheels in the opposite directions and caused the super continent above to break up into two.
The geologists also believed that this led to the formation of two large continents namely Laurasia and Gondwana a hundred and eighty million years ago, of which Laurasia drifted towards the northern region and the continent of Gondwana drifted towards the southern region.

The geologists believe that an ocean area called Tethys formed between these continents, i.e., in the equatorial region.
The geologists also believe that eighty million years ago, the continent of Laurasia also split into two, leading to the creation of the continents of North America and Eurasia, which moved in the opposite directions of west and east respectively.
They also believed that as a result of the above, the North Atlantic Ocean region was formed between these two continents.
The geologists also believe that in a similar way, after the split of the southern region of the continent of Gondwana into many parts, these continents drifted towards the north.

Further, they also believed that particularly, due to the split in the western part of the continent of Gondwana, the continents of South America and Africa were formed and due to their respective drift towards north-west and north-east directions, North Atlantic ocean region emerged between these two continents.
The geologists believed that the South American Continent which was drifting towards north-west reached its current location only three million years ago.
In the same way, the geologists believe that the Alps mountain range came into being due to the thrusting of the land region between the African and Eurasian Continents caused by the collision of the African Continent which was said to be drifting towards north-west, with the southern part of the European Continent.
The geologists also believe that in a similar way, India and Australia also broke away from the Continent of Antarctica and drifted in the north-eastern direction.
The geologists believe that due to the collision of the Indian land area with the southern part of the Asian Continent fifty million years ago, Himalayan mountain range rose between these two continents by thrusting.
The geologists believe that even today, the magma under the earth becomes solid after reaching the surface, forming a new sea floor in the volcanic range under the sea that extends in the north-south direction, and is drifting in the opposite directions causing the continents on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean also to drift apart in the opposite directions along with the ocean floor.

The geologists are also of the opinion that when the continents drift separately along with the ocean floor, friction is caused between their edges and earthquakes are caused.
At this point, the geologists of NASA, the leading scientific research center of America, prepared a graphical representation of the places world-wide where a total of 3,58,214 earthquakes occurred during the past 35 years from the year 1963 to 1998.
This global level graph on earthquakes had not recorded any continuous earthquakes in the ocean region between the North American continent formed in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean and drifting towards north with the ocean floor believed to be drifting towards north and the South American continent formed in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean and drifting towards north-west with the ocean floor believed to be drifting towards north-west.
Hence, on the basis of the absence of continuous earthquakes in the ocean floor area between the North American and South American continents, it has been proved with concrete evidence that the ocean floor between these two continents is continuous and the ocean floor between these two continents as well as the North American and South American continents are stationary.
Similarly, the geologists believe that a hundred million years ago, India and Australia were joined together and stuck with the continent of Antarctica. Later, new ocean floor was formed around the continent of Antarctica and it drifted towards north and south directions. India and Australia started to move in the north direction along with the ocean floor that was drifting towards north.
India and Australia are located five thousand kilometers apart.
If India and Australia were together in the beginning and had drifted five thousand kilometers apart as per their location today, these two continents must have been moving on two separate ocean floors.
If India and Australia had been drifting separately towards north-eastern direction, a series of earthquakes would have been caused for up to thousands of miles in the ocean floor between these two continents.
But, no such series of earthquakes was recorded in the ocean floor area between those two continents in the global seismograph published by NASA.
Thus, on the basis of non-occurrence of a series of earthquakes in the ocean region between the continents of India and Australia, it is proved with the concrete evidence that the ocean floor between these two continents is continuous and the ocean floor and the continents between these two continents are stationary.
At this juncture, NASA released a chart stating it as an illustration of the movement of the continental plates.
Even in that chart, it has been stated that they are still unsure as to what is actually happening in the ocean floor region between the continents of India and Australia.
Moreover, they have offered contradictory explanations for the tsunami that rocked the entire South Asia on 26.12.2004.
Particularly, in the report released by NASA on 10.3.2005, Dr. Richard Cross and Dr. Benjamin Bang Cho have explained that the earthquake and tsunami were caused only due to the sudden drifting of ocean floor of the Indian Continent under the Indonesian Islands.
But, in the report released by NASA after three months, i.e., on 27.4.2005, the geologists of NASA had stated that the earthquake and tsunami were caused only due to the sudden drifting of ocean floor of the Australian Continent under the Indonesian Islands.
Thus, it is proved beyond doubt that the geologists of NASA have offered an imaginary explanation for the earthquake and tsunami on the basis of a mere hunch, without knowing what was actually happening in the ocean floor area between the two continents.
Similarly, it is proved with evidence that the geologists of the American Geological Association, which is known as USGS, had offered a baseless and fictitious explanation when an earthquake and tsunami rocked Haiti, an island situated in the Caribbean group of islands on 12.01.2010.
Particularly, the Continent of North America, formed in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean is believed to be moving towards west along with the ocean floor which is supposed to be drifting towards west.
In the same way, the Continent of South America, formed in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean is believed to be moving towards north-west along with the ocean floor which is north-west to be drifting towards north-west.
Under these circumstances, a question arises as to how exactly the Caribbean group of islands, which is located between these two continents, was formed.
Some geologists believe that the Caribbean group of islands would have formed due to volcanic activity in the Pacific Ocean region a hundred million years ago, particularly at the place where the Galapagos group of islands is situated now, and later the Caribbean group of islands formed into a separate tectonic plate and started moving towards east.
Under these circumstances, some geologists believe that the American Continents moved separately in opposite directions towards west and during that period, the bridge-like Central American land area had not formed between the continents. On account of this, a gap existed between these continents and the Caribbean tectonic plate entered into this gap. Later, the Central American land area rose from under the sea and this created a land connection between the continents.
According to this theory called “The Pacific Model”, it is believed that the Caribbean group of islands might be moving towards east.
Particularly, in the eastern region of the Caribbean group of islands, volcanic mountain ranges have formed towards the north-south direction.

As per the “The Pacific Model”, an explanation is offered for the formation of volcanic mountain ranges towards the north-south direction in the eastern region of the Caribbean group of islands.
It says that, when the Caribbean group of islands was moving in the easterly direction, the Atlantic Ocean floor heading towards the west went under the tectonic plate, melted due to the extremely high temperature and the magma thus formed rose up penetrating through the ocean floor and became volcanic mountains above the ocean floor.
Further, the geologists also believe that, ninety million years ago, the bridge-like continuous Central American land area had not formed between the American continents. During that period, a gap existed between these continents and the Caribbean tectonic plate entering into this gap has been the reason for their present location.
However, in 1971, Gregory S Horni and Bruce Simonson have discovered in the mountainous region of Nicaragua which is situated at the Central American land area, the bones of a dinosaur called Ornithopod that lived ninety to a hundred and twenty million years ago during the mid-cretaceous era.
Geologist Professor Joan Ostram of Yale University, after examining the bones of the dinosaur, has identified and confirmed that these bones, now kept in the Washington Museum, belong to a dinosaur called Ornithopod.

This has proved with evidence that the land region of Central America situated between the American Continents was continuous even before ninety million years and the dinosaurs were migrating between the American Continents through this region.
In the same way, Manuel Ilduraldy Vincent and Zulma Gasparini , paleontologists of the Cuban Museum has discovered the bone fossils of a herbivore dinosaur that lived during the cretaceous era, i.e., a hundred and fifty million years ago, in the Organos mountain range located in the western part of Cuban Island of the Caribbean group of islands that are formed in a range between the American Continents.
Through this, it has been proved beyond doubt that as the sea level was low a hundred and fifty million years ago, the American Continents and the Caribbean group of islands had land connections and the dinosaurs were migrating through that region.
As a result, it has been proved with evidence that the explanations offered by the geologists saying that ninety million years ago, a gap existed between the American continents and the Caribbean tectonic plate entered through it were baseless and imaginary theories.
At this point, some other geologists have a notion that the Caribbean group of Islands might have formed in the Atlantic Ocean region itself and moving in the western direction, they might have reached the current location.
This theory is called “The Atlantic Model”.
But, there is no evidence for the presence of a significant number of volcanic mountains in the Atlantic Ocean region similar to those present in the Galapagos group of islands in the Pacific Ocean region. So, the geologists in favor of “The Atlantic Model” could not explain where exactly in the Atlantic Ocean region did the Caribbean group of Islands form.
Hence, the geologists who support the Atlantic Model believe that the volcanic eruptions responsible for the formation of the Caribbean group of Islands might have disappeared over time.
However, the geologists who believe in the theory of “The Atlantic Model” are unable to explain how the volcanic mountain ranges in the eastern part of the Caribbean islands facing the north-south direction came into being.
Under these circumstances, a few other geologists have offered a new theory that the Caribbean group of islands might be an in situ model.
Hence, it boils down to the fact that the geologists, who state that the Caribbean group of islands is drifting as a tectonic plate, have no idea as to where the Caribbean group of islands was formed and in which direction it is heading.
At this juncture, the geologists of the American Geological Association, which is known as USGS, had offered a baseless explanation for the earthquake and tsunami which rocked Haiti, an island situated in the Caribbean group of islands on 12.01.2010 that the earthquake in Haiti was caused only by the friction between the tectonic plates during the movement of the American and Caribbean tectonic plates.
Specifically, the geologists of the American Geological Association, which is known as USGS, believe that the Caribbean group of islands is drifting as a tectonic plate, but since the geologists of the USGS Association do not know where the Caribbean tectonic plate was formed and in which direction it is heading, they avoid any direct mention of where the Caribbean tectonic plate is heading and state that the North American Continent is drifting towards west and on account of this movement, the Caribbean tectonic plate is moving towards east with respect to the North American Continent. The geologists of the USGS organization explain that this caused friction between the tectonic plates resulting in the occurrence of earthquake and tsunami in the Island of Haiti.
How can this be a correct and acceptable explanation?
In fact, it is a truth that the geologists of the USGS organization are not aware of what is happening in the ocean floor region between the American Continents.
To conceal their ignorance, the geologists of the USGS organization have given an ambiguous explanation regarding the direction in which the Caribbean tectonic plate is drifting, thereby tactfully avoiding a direct reply.
This has brought to limelight that the geologists of the USGS organization are ignorant of the reason for the occurrence of earthquake and tsunami in the Island of Haiti.
The fact, it has been proved with evidence through a global seismograph, that the ocean floor and the continents are stationary and the ocean floor region between the continents is continuous.
Also, the fact that that the earthquake and tsunamis were caused only by volcanic eruptions below the surface of the earth has been discovered through the images captured by a satellite that recorded the ground level variations.